Scientific Calculator

Typing

• Operators + - * / ^, with the usual precedence. A power groups to the right, 2^3^2 = 2⁹, and binds tighter than a leading minus: -2^2 = −4, (-2)^2 = 4.
• A multiplication sign may be left out before a name or a bracket: 2pi, 2(3+4), 3sqrt(2). It is an ordinary multiplication, so 1/2pi means (1/2)·π; the typeset line above the entry always shows how an expression was read. Two numbers side by side (2 3) are refused.
• Functions need their brackets: sin(30), not sin 30. Available: sin cos tan asin acos atan sinh cosh tanh ln log exp sqrt cbrt root abs floor ceil round.
• log(x) is the logarithm to base 10 and ln(x) the natural one; log(x, b) is the logarithm of x to base b. root(x, n) is the n-th root.
• n! is the factorial of a whole number from 0 to 1000.
• x% means x divided by 100 and nothing more: 200*10% = 20, and 200+10% = 200.1.
• 1.5e3 is scientific notation for 1500 (digits, the letter e, digits). The constant e stands alone or is multiplied: 2e, e^2.
• pi (or π), e, and ans for the previous result.

Exact and decimal

A result is exact when it can be written with fractions, square roots of whole numbers, and whole powers of π and e: for example 1/3+1/6, sqrt(8), (1+sqrt(5))/2, pi^2/6. The trigonometric functions are exact at multiples of 15° (π/12), their inverses at the matching values, logarithms at exact powers of the base, and factorials always. Decimals you type are exact fractions too, so 0.1+0.2 is exactly 0.3.

Everything else, such as sin(1), ln(2) or 2^0.3, has no exact form here. It is computed in double precision, shown rounded to at most 15 significant digits, and marked with ≈. Nothing approximate is ever labelled exact. This is not a computer algebra system: it does not simplify nested roots or expressions with unknowns.

The decimal form of an exact value is computed digit by digit, to as many digits as you choose, and cut off (not rounded) where it stops, with an ellipsis. Without an ellipsis, the decimal shown is the whole value.

Keys

Enter evaluates, Esc clears, and Ctrl+K (⌘K) goes to the search of all calculators.